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1.
Clin. biomed. res ; 37(1): 11-17, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-833269

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Blood donation should be voluntary, anonymous and altruistic, and the donor should not, directly or indirectly, receive any remuneration or benefit by virtue of donating blood. Like any other therapeutic method, transfusion procedures are not risk free and can expose the patient to a several complications. Serological screening is of great importance to ensure transfusion safety. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of serological ineligibility among blood donors from a Hemotherapy Center in Caxias do Sul (RS). Method: An exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study was conducted on data from July 2010 to December 2015 collected at a Hemotherapy Center in Caxias do Sul (RS). Results: During the study period, 14,267 blood donors attended the Hemotherapy Center, of which 9,332 (65.40%) were males and 4,935 (34.60%) were female. Considering only the suitable donors, 12,702 blood donations were performed, 144 (1.13%) presented positive serological tests. The most prevalent positive serology was for hepatitis B (anti-HBc) with 98 cases (0.77%), followed by syphilis with 19 cases (0.15%); Chagas disease, with 10 (0.08%); hepatitis C, with nine (0.07%); and HIV and HTLV, with four (0.03%) reactive samples each. Conclusion: The results presented are important for health surveillance and make it possible to take measures to ensure safe blood stocks (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , Communicable Disease Control , Communicable Diseases/blood , Chagas Disease/blood , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis Antibodies , HIV Seropositivity/blood , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Syphilis Serodiagnosis
2.
Journal of Veterinary Science ; : 479-487, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-110496

ABSTRACT

Infection of cattle with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) has been observed and reported worldwide, including in Korea. The onsite identification of infected cattle would help decreasing and eradicating BLV infections on farms. Here, we present a new immunochromatographic assay that employs monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for the detection of antibodies against BLV in the field. BLV envelope glycoprotein (gp)51 was expressed in E. coli, and MAbs against recombinant BLV gp51 were generated for the development of an immunochromatographic assay to detect BLV antibodies in cattle. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were determined by comparing these results with those obtained from a standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 160 bovine sera were used to evaluate the new immunochromatographic assay. Using ELISA as a reference standard, the relative specificity and sensitivity of this assay were determined to be 94.7% and 98%, respectively. Because of its high sensitivity and specificity, this BLV antibody detection assay would be suitable for the onsite identification of BLV infection in the field.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Agriculture , Antibodies , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , Deltaretrovirus Infections , Enzootic Bovine Leukosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Glycoproteins , Chromatography, Affinity , Korea , Leukemia Virus, Bovine , Sensitivity and Specificity
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 42(1): 310-320, Jan.-Mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-571405

ABSTRACT

Although the infection of HTLV-1 to cell components of the mouth have been previously reported, there was not until this report, a detailed study to show the characteristics of such infection. From 14 Tropical Spastic Paraparesis/ HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy (HAM/TSP) patients and 11 asymptomatic carrier individuals (AC) coming from HTLV-1 endemic areas of southwest Pacific of Colombia, infected oral mucosa cells were primary cultured during five days. These cell cultures were immunophenotyped by dual color fluorescence cell assortment using different lymphocyte CD markers and also were immunohistochemically processed using a polyclonal anti-keratin antibody. Five days old primary cultures were characterized as oral keratinocytes, whose phenotype was CD3- /CD4-/CD8-/CD19-/CD14-/CD45-/A575-keratin+. From DNA extracted of primary cultures LTR, pol, env and tax HTLV-1 proviral DNA regions were differentially amplified by PCR showing proviral integration. Using poly A+ RNA obtained of these primary cultures, we amplify by RT-PCR cDNA of tax and pol in 57.14 percent (8/14) HAM/TSP patients and 27.28 percent (3/11) AC. Tax and pol poly A+ RNA were expressed only in those sIgA positive subjects. Our results showed that proviral integration and viral gene expression in oral keratinocytes are associated with a HTLV-1 specific local mucosal immune response only in those HTLV-1 infected individuals with detectable levels of sIgA in their oral fluids. Altogether the results gave strong evidence that oral mucosa infection would be parte of the systemic spreading of HTLV-1 infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , HIV , Immunohistochemistry , Immunophenotyping , In Vitro Techniques , Keratinocytes , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reticuloendotheliosis virus , Tumor Virus Infections , Methods , Patients
4.
INTJVR-International Journal of Veterinary Research. 2010; 4 (4): 253-258
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-143695

ABSTRACT

Bovine leukemia virus [BLV] is a retro virus responsible for lymphoproliferative disorders in cattle. Although infections of BLV in animals are well known, little is known about its capacity to infect humans. This study investigated the presence of anti-BLV antibodies and BLV pro viruses in human and cattle samples. An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] was used to detect anti-BLV antibodies while nested PCR was employed to identify BLV provirus sequences. The overall prevalence of anti-BLV antibodies in human and cattle samples were 12.50% and 16.73%, respectively. When using ELISA as a reference test, sensitivity and specificity for nested PCR were 0.625 and 0.970, respectively. The predictive value of a positive test was 0.862 and the predictive value of a negative test was 0.897. The percentage of cattle correctly classified by nested PCR assay was 89.1%. Nested PCR and Southern blot analysis, using primers specific for BLV gag sequences, revealed that BLV pro viruses were detectable in cattle and human samples. Our results highlight the risk of human exposure to BLV and the need for further investigations to determine whether BLV infection poses a health hazard for humans


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Leukemia Virus, Bovine/isolation & purification , Cattle , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Leukemia Virus, Bovine/pathogenicity , Genomics , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-112493

ABSTRACT

An investigation to evaluate the prevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies among blood donors in Delhi, India was carried out. The study was initiated with an objective to evaluate the higher prevalence of the condition reported by various Indian authors. Most of the reports were based on the screening through particle agglutination test (PAT) which has been documented to be high sensitive but less specific. A pilot study was undertaken to compare the prevalence of HTLV-1 by using the PAT as well as Line Immunoassay (LIA). The study included 119 HIV positive and 114 HIV negative sera obtained from Zonal Blood Testing Centre (ZBTC), Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi. The PAT positive samples were evaluated through Line Immunoassay. The results indicated that (a) in contrast to the number of reports, none of the HIV seronegative blood donors had anti-HTLV-1 antibodies tested by PAT, (b) 12 out of 119 (10%) HIV positive sera showed PAT positivity (Titre 1: 16). (c) None of the PAT positive sera showed antibodies to HTLV-I/II through LIA-(Line Immunoassay). The results of the study indicate that the reports on the higher prevalence of HTLV-1 in Indian blood donors may be due to adoption of highly sensitiv but less specific particle agglutination assay. The results also sugges that the status of HTLV-1 needs revalidation through the use of more specific assay like LIA in a larger number of samples.


Subject(s)
Adult , Agglutination Tests , Blood Donors , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/blood , Humans , Immunoassay/methods , India , Male , Prevalence
6.
Rev. baiana saúde pública ; 26(1/2): 9-18, jan.-dez. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-363937

ABSTRACT

Na cidade de Rio Branco (Acre), foram pesquisadas as amostras séricas de 390 pessoas sadias, de 2 a 79 anos de idade (26,5+/-14,9), usando métodos sorológicos (ELISA e Western blot específicos) para determinar a prevalência da infecção pelo HIV e/ou HTLV-I/II. Nenhuma pessoa foi soropositiva. Em conclusão, os dados sugerem a baixa transmissão na população sadia da cidade de Rio Branco, onde é elevada a freqüência de pessoas de origem indígena.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/blood , Deltaretrovirus Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Blood Donors , Blotting, Western , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , HIV Seroprevalence , HTLV-I Infections/epidemiology , HTLV-II Infections/epidemiology
7.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 43(5): 277-282, Sept.-Oct. 2001. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-308006

ABSTRACT

Serum samples (n: 110) from blood donors and high risk individuals from Cordoba, Argentina with indeterminate HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II Wb profiles were studied for specific antibodies to HTLV-I/II and HIV-1 by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and for the presence or absence of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II specific bands by Wb. This study was carried out in order to characterize their putative reactions with HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II proteins and to resolve the retrovirus infection status of these individuals. Results indicated that blood donors sera displaying indeterminate HIV-1 or HTLV-I/II Wb patterns were not immunoreactive to HTLV-I/II and HIV-1 on IFA. However, a high rate of indeterminate HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II Wb samples from high risk individuals had positive HTLV-I/II and HIV-1 IFA results respectively. Our study supports the growing evidence that HTLV-HIV indeterminate seroreactivity in low risk population is due to a cross reaction against nonviral antigens, and in high risk populations the indeterminate samples show serological cross-recognition between HIV-1 proteins and HTLV-I/II proteins on Wb. These results point out the necessity to investigate the HTLV-I/II reactivity in indeterminate HIV-1 samples and viceversa in order to confirm the diagnosis. Finally, this study shows the potential usefulness of IFA in elucidating the status of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infection of individuals with indeterminate Wb profiles, thus enabling resolution of retrovirus infection status


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Blotting, Western , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Retroviridae Infections , Argentina , Blood Donors , Cross Reactions , False Negative Reactions , HIV Antibodies , HIV Infections , HTLV-I Antibodies , HTLV-I Infections , HTLV-II Antibodies , HTLV-II Infections , Retroviridae Infections , Risk Factors
8.
São Paulo; s.n; 2001. 117 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-313751

ABSTRACT

Os efeitos protetores da imunidade humoral são mediados por uma família de glicoproteínas chamadas anticorpos ou imunoglobulinas. As preparações de imunoglobulina G (IgG) utilizadas em nosso país são importadas. No Brasil, a primeira preparação de IgG foi obtida na Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo em 1993. O presente estudo avaliou preparações de IgG obtidas de misturas de plasma humano de variadas procedências, inclusive a preparação obtida no Brasil. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: concentração protéica, distribuição das subclasses da IgG, atividade de anticorpos específicos e segurança quanto a agentes patogênicos transmissíveis pelo sangue. Em algumas preparações, a concentração proteíca de IgG...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , Hematology , Immunoglobulins , Immunotherapy , Plasma , Receptors, IgG , Blotting, Western , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Serologic Tests/methods
10.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 39(4): 211-6, jul.-ago. 1999. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-270373

ABSTRACT

HTLV-I/II são oncorretrovírus associados à leucemia de células T do adulto e à mielopatia crônica progressiva. Poliartrite crônica simétrica e complexo sicca são eventualmente encontrados em casos de infecções por HTLV-I/II. Um recente estudo japonês evidenciou prevalência de 20 por cento de anticorpos anti-HTLV-I em pacientes com artrite reumatóide (AR), um achado significante comparativamente a controles de banco de sangue. Tanto quanto os autores sabem, não há estudos brasileiros a esse respeito. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-HTLV-I/II em pacientes com AR, usando um ensaio enzimático (ELISA) e, quando necessário, Western blot para confirmação de positividade. Métodos: Foram estudados 69 pacientes com AR (55 mulheres e 14 homens, todos caucasóides), diagnosticados de acordo com os critérios do Colégio Americano de Reumatologia. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 51 anos, e a duração média da doença, de 8 anos. Os soros desses pacientes foram inicialmente testados para anticorpos anti-HTLV-I/II em ELISA de segunda geração (Ortho). A positividade foi confirmada através de Western blot (Gene Labs, kit 2.4). Os grupos-controles consistiram de 1.416 doadores de banco de sangue testados por ELISA e 33 pacientes consecutivos com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES), também testados em ELISA. O teste de Fisher foi utilizado para análise estatística, sendo valores de p<0,05 considerados relevantes. Resultados: Anticorpos anti-HTLV-I/II foram detectados em 5 dos 69 pacientes com AR através de ELISA (7 por cento). Destes, 4 (5,7 por cento) tiveram resultados confirmatórios para anti-HTLV-I em Western blot. Os 4 pacientes eram soropositivos para fator reumatóide, mas nenhum apresentava doença ativa. Nos doadores de sangue, 18 soros (1,27 por cento) foram positivos para anti-HTLV-I/II em ELISA (p=0,004, significativo em relação ao grupo com AR testado em ELISA). Nos pacientes com LES, nenhum caso de positividade foi encontrado em ELISA (p=0,07, insignificante em relação aos pacientes com AR). Conclusão: No estudo, a prevalência de anticorpos contra HTLV-I/II em pacientes com AR foi estatisticamente relevante quando comparada com a de doadores de sangue, mas não-significativa quando comparada com a de pacientes com LES. O papel da infecção por HTLV-I/II na AR deve ser clareado em estudos adicionais


Subject(s)
Antibodies , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , Retroviridae
11.
Rev. cuba. med ; 37(4): 199-204, oct.-dic. 1998. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-299449

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron, en el período comprendido desde 1991 hasta 1996, 26 352 muestras de suero procedentes de diferentes grupos de riesgo y donantes de sangre para conocer la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos contra el virus linfotrópico de las células T humanas tipo I (HTLV-I) y como continuación de investigaciones realizadas entre 1989 y 1990. Se empleó el sistema de ELISA DAVIH-HTLV-I para el pesquisaje de anticuerpos y como prueba confirmatoria, el Western Blot DAVIH-Blot HTLV-I, ambos de Laboratorios DAVIH, Cuba. Se confirmó la presencia de anticuerpos anti HTLV-I en 10 personas y en la mayoría de ellas el estudio epidemiológico logró esclarecer la vía probable de contagio. El índice de seropositividad observado fue de 0,037 porciento, lo que en comparación con las tasas de seroprevalencia reportadas para el área del Caribe resulta bajo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Donors , Cuba , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , HTLV-I Infections , Risk Groups
12.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 40(4): 209-13, July-Aug. 1998. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-225877

ABSTRACT

Alguns virus das familias Retroviridae, tais como, o Virus do Linfoma Humano de Celulas T (HTLV); Herpesviridae, tais como o Virus Citomegalico (CMV) e da Hepatite B (HBV) podem ser co-transmitidos com o Virus da Imunodeficiencia Adquirida (HIV). Uma vez que prisioneiros estao expostos a diversos fatores de risco envolvidos na transmissao do HIV e dos virus acima mencionados, prisioneiros do sexo masculino do Complexo Penitenciario de Campinas, SP, Brasil, incluindo aqueles que eram HIV+ e HIV-, foram examinados para a presenca de anticorpos anti-HTLV-I/II; anticorpos IgG e IgM anti-virus citomegalico e a presenca do antigeno de superficie do HBV (HbsAg). A presenca de anti-HTLV-I/II foi determinada pela tecnica de Western Blot, enquanto IgG e IgM anti-CMV e a pesquisa do HbsAg foram feitas por ensaio Imunoenzimatico (MEIA-Abbott Lab)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Herpesviridae/isolation & purification , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Retroviridae Infections/immunology , Retroviridae Infections/transmission , Prisoners , AIDS Serodiagnosis/methods , Blotting, Western , Causality , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/isolation & purification , HIV/isolation & purification , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Risk Factors , Hepatitis B virus/isolation & purification
14.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 40(1): 55-7, Jan.-Feb. 1998. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-216109

ABSTRACT

Descrevemos um caso de infecçäo por HTLV-I associado a mielopatia, em mulher de 50 anos, na Nigeria. A paciente apresentou fraqueza progressiva dos membros inferiores e posteriormente incapacidade para andar. A presença de anticorpo HTLV-I no plasma coletado da paciente foi repetidamente detectada pelos ensaios imunoenzimaticos (Abbott HTLV-I EIA e Coulter SELECT-HTLV I/II) e confirmada pela tecnica de Western Blot. Adicionalmente amplificou-se o DNA do HTLV-I a partir do DNA genomico isolado das celulas mononucleares do sangue periferico da paciente através da técnica de PCR. Este achado e significativo sendo o primeiro relato de associaçäo de HTLV-I com mielopatia, na Nigeria


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/isolation & purification , Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/diagnosis , Gene Amplification/methods , Blotting, Western , HTLV-I Infections/etiology , Nigeria , Polymerase Chain Reaction
15.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 65(4): 141-4, abr. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-210757

ABSTRACT

En el suroeste de Japón, zona endémica de alta prevalencia para el virus linfotrópico de células T humanas tipo I (HTLV-I), se ha descrito la asociación entre este retrovirus y el cáncer cérvicouterino (CaCU). La Península de Yucatán, México es una zona de baja prevalancia para el HTLV-I y el CaCU ocupa el primer lugar entre las enfermedades oncológicas en esta región. El objetivo del estudio fue definir la posible asociación entre la infección del HTLV.I y el CaCU en un grupo de pacientes en la Península de Yucatán, México. En 123 mujeres con diagnóstico establecido de CaCU y en 662 mujeres sanas, se realizó la detección de anticuerpos contra el HTLV-I/II (AcHTLV-I/II) mediante aglutinación de partículas sensibilizadas y ensayo inmunoenzimático. Los casos positivos fueron confirmados por inmunoelectrotransferencia y la diferenciación entre el HTLV-I y el HTLV-II se hizo a través de péptidos sintéticos. Sólo una paciente (mujer de la etnia maya) (1/23, 0.8 por ciento) y en dos mujeres del grupo testigo (2/662, 0.3 por ciento) se encontró evidencia de Ac-HTLV-I/II. En todos los casos los Ac-HTLV-I/II fueron selectivos para HTLV-II. Los resultados son concordantes con el concepto de que la infección del HTLV-I en la Península de Yucatán no guarda relación con el CaCU


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/analysis , Deltaretrovirus Infections , Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 , /epidemiology , Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell , Mexico , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Uterine Neoplasms
16.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 49(1): 24-7, 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-208296

ABSTRACT

Se estudió la presencia de anticuerpos contra el virus linfotrópico de células T humanas tipo I (HTLV I) en 3 774 sueros; de ellos, 1 409 eran donantes de sangre, 1 444 de pacientes que habían padecido recientemente alguna enfermedad de transmisión sexual (ETS) y 921 de enfermos politransfundidos. Se emplearon los sistemas DAVIH HTLV I (ELISA) y DAVIH BLOT HTLV 1 (Western Blot) producidos en Laboratorios DAVIH (La Habana, Cuba), para el pesquisaje y confirmación, respectivamente. De los 68 sueros reactivos en la prueba de ELISA, en 2 se confirmó la presencia de anticuerpos al HTLV I/II y 12 fueron considerados indeterminados por el Western Blot


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Donors , Blotting, Western , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Risk Groups
17.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-193748

ABSTRACT

Se realizó el presente estudio para establecer la seroprevalencia de anticuerpos, en donantes de sangre, contra los patógenos Trypanosoma cruzi y el virus linfotrópico T humano 1, que no se tamizan de forma rutinaria en los bancos de sangre de Costa Rica. Se buscaron anticuerpos IgG contra Trypanosoma cruzi por un método de RIA, desarrollado en el ICMRT, y basado en el principio de la detección de anticuerpos específicos, obteniéndose 14 positivos en 1.000 muestras de suero. Como prueba confirmatoria se realizó un Western Blot, usando un T. cruzi procesado en Honduras y otro de Costa Rica, mostrando un 0,4 por ciento de positividad y un 0,5 por ciento de indeterminados. Se muestra patrón de bandas obtenido para las muestras positivas. Se tamizaron 662 sueros de donadores en busca de anticuerpos contra HTLV-1 por medio de un método de aglutinación pasiva de partículas de gel sensibilizadas, obteniéndose 9 aglutinaciones dudosas, que se verifican por Western Blot y que dieron 0,3 por ciento indeterminado por presencia de la banda P21. Se discute la importancia de realizar estas determinaciones de rutina en los bancos de sangre nacionales.


Subject(s)
Deltaretrovirus Antibodies , Chagas Disease/enzymology , Blood Banks , Blood Donors , Costa Rica
19.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 51(3): 325-8, set.-nov. 1993. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-127727

ABSTRACT

A mielopatia associada ao protovírus T-linfotrópico humano (HTLV-1), também conhecida como paraparesia espástica tropical associada ao HTLV-I (MAH/PET), constitui enfermedade imunomediada desencadeada pela infecçäo pelo HTLV-I. Nesta condiçäo tem sido demonstrada, particularmente em pacientes japoneses, boa resposta clínica à terapêutica com corticosteróides. Este efeito benéfico todavia näo foi encontrado em todas as regiöes do mundo. Pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona endovenosa tem sido utilizada com sucesso em pacientes com esclerose múltipla, outro exemplo de doença auto-imune do sistema nervoso central, especialmente durante as fases de exacerbaçäo da doença. Objetivando testar a eficácia da pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona em pacientes com MAH/PET, conduzimos estudo aberto em 23 doentes. Näo constatamos efeito benéfico significativo desta forma de tratamento na maioria dos enfermos estudados. Apenas um dos pacientes, o qual exibia o menor tempo de duraçäo de doença (cinco meses), obteve benefício a longo prazo. Acreditamos que tratamento imunossupressivos devam ser de maior utilidade naqueles doentes com menor tempo de evoluçäo, nos quais, possivelmente, há preponderância do processo inflamatório sobre o desmielinizante


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/drug therapy , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/analysis , Injections, Intravenous , Prognosis
20.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1993 Apr; 47(4): 103-8
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-68308

ABSTRACT

Detection of infection with BBVs transmitted by the blood donated by apparently healthy volunteers is facilitated by several laboratory tests employed in screening out infected blood. Because several of the screening assays are immunological markers of host response to the infectious agents, the detection of viral nucleic acids remains a major goal that may possibly be fulfilled by the advent of PCR.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/blood , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Chronic Disease , Cytomegalovirus/immunology , Deltaretrovirus Antibodies/blood , HIV Antibodies/blood , Hepacivirus/immunology , Hepatitis Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Antibodies/blood , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood , Hepatitis C Antibodies , Humans , Immunoassay , Virus Diseases/diagnosis
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